（4）始动性动词和相应的延续性动词可用于祈使句中，注意两者相互否定的形式，可以表达相同的概念，例如：

27） a． Try not to fall behind the rest of the class．

b．Try to keep up with the rest of the class．

（努力不要落后于班里其他的人。／努力跟上班里其他的人。）

28） a． Please don't stand up for the next hymn．

b．Please remain seated for the next hymn．

（唱下一个赞美诗时不用站起来。／请继续坐着，唱下一个赞美诗。）

29） a． Don't let go of the steering wheel．

b．Keep hold of the steering wheel．

c．Hold on to the steering wheel．

（不要松开方向盘。／握紧方向盘。）

30） a． When you come to the crossroads don't turn left or right．

b． When you come to the crossroads go／ keep straight on／ahead．

（你到十字路口时，不要向左右拐。／你到十字路口时一直朝前走。）

31） a． Don't switch the engine off．

b．Keep the engine running．

c．Leave the engine running．

（不要关上引擎。／让引擎继续运转。）

32） a． Don't bring the dog into the house．

b．Keep the dog outside．

c．Keep the dog outside／out of the house．

（不要把狗带进房子里来。／让狗留在房子外面。）

33） a． Don't let the dog into the house．

b．Leave the dog outside．

c．Leave the dog outside／out of the house．

（不要让狗进房子里来。／把狗留在房子外面。）

34） a． Private do not enter．／No entry．

b．Keep out．

（闲人免进！）

（5）始动性动词与其相应的延续性动词的相互否定形式，可以表示部分与整体的逻辑关系，例如：

35） a． He didn't give any of his sweets away．

b．He kept all of his sweets for himself．

（他的糖谁也没给。／他把所有的糖都给自己留着。）

36） a． That chicken hasn't fully thawed out yet．

b．That chicken is still partly frozen．

（那只鸡还没有完全化冻。／那只鸡部分还没化冻。）

37） a． I'm trying not to spend all my salary．

b． I'm trying to save some of my salary．

（我一直努力不要把全部薪水花掉。／我极力节省一部分薪水。）

（6）始动性动词及其相应的延续性动词，除了用反义和相互否定的形式外，其它有关成分也要作相应变化，如into—out of， on—off， in—out， up—down， still—not yet， not—er than—as…as等，才可达到同义的效果，例如：

38） a． He didn't get into trouble．

b．He kept out of trouble．

（他没有招那麻烦。）

39） a． Don't stamp on the grass．

b． Keep off the grass（more usual）

（匆踏草地。）

40） a． I'd rather not take my coat off， if that's all right．

b． I'd rather leave my coat on， if that's all right．

（如果可以，我不想脱掉上衣。／如果可以，我就穿着上衣。）

41） a． Hey， they haven't put my name on the list．

b． Hey， they have left my name off the list．

（嘿，他们没把我的名字列入名单。／嘿，他们在名单里把我的名字漏掉了。）

42） a． They're not back from holiday yet．

b． They're still away on holiday．

（他们度假还没回来。／他们还在出外度假。）

43） a． We managed not to get our feet wet．

b．We managed to keep our feet dry．

（我们设法别把脚弄湿。／我们设法使脚保持干爽。）

44） a． The boat didn't sink．

b．The boat remained afloat．

（小船没有沉。／小船还浮着。）

45） a． My uncle never got married．

b． My uncle remained unmarried．

c． My uncle remained single．

d． My uncle remained a bachelor．

（我叔叔从未结婚。／我叔叔一直是单身汉。）

46）a． The old man is not going to retire for the time being．

b．The old man is going to go on working for the time being．

c．The old man is going to keep on working for the time being．

d．The old man is going to carry on working for the time being．

e．The old man is going to continue working for the time being．

（这个老人暂时还不退休。／这个老人暂时还继续工作。）

47） a． Fortunately they didn't take my passport away from me．

b．Fortunately they let me keep my pass- port．

（幸而他们没有拿走我的护照。／幸而他们让我拿着我的护照。）

48） a． Miraculously， the building didn't collapse in the earthquake．

b． Miraculously， the building remained standing in the earthquake．

（奇迹般的是，这座建筑物在地震时竟然没有倒塌。／奇迹般的是，这座建筑物在地震时竟然屹立不倒。）

49） a． The building didn't tilt．

b．The building remained upright．

（这座建筑物并没有倾斜。／这座建筑物依然耸立不倾斜。）

50） a． The price of chocolate hasn't changed for the last three months．

b．The price of chocolate has remained the same for the last three months．

（三个月来巧克力的价格没有变动。／巧克力的价格三个月来都保持不变。）

51） a． Amazingly the weather didn't turn cool．

b．Amazingly the weather remained warm．

c．Amazingly the weather stayed warm．

（令人诧异的是，天气没有变凉。／令人诧异的是，天气一直保持暖和。）

52） a． He didn't tell his mother the bad news．

b．He kept the bad news from his mother．

c．He kept the bad news to himself．

（他没有告诉他妈妈这个坏消息。／他不让他妈妈知道这个坏消息。）

53） a． He didn't tell the police the information．

b．He withheld the information from the police．

（他没有向警方报告这个情况。／他对警方隐瞒了这个情况。）

54） a． Throughout the meal， he didn't speak．

b．Throughout the meal，he kept silent／ quiet．

c． Throughout the meal， he remained silent．

（整顿饭他都没有说话。／整顿饭他都保持沉默。）

55）a．It's difficult not to go mad when you're doing an exercise like this．

b．It's difficult to remain sane when you're doing an exercise like this．

c．It's difficult to keep sane／your sanity when you're doing an exercise like this．

（做这样的练习很难不晕头转向的。／很难保持头脑清醒的。）

56）a．The firm managed not to go bankrupt．

b．The firm managed to remain solvent．

（这家公司设法不致破产。／这家公司设法保持着偿付能力。）

57）a．You'd better not overtake that lorry．

b．You'd better keep behind that lorry．

c．you'd better stay behind that lorry．

d．you'd better remain behind that lorry．

（你最好不要超过那辆卡车。／你最好老跟着那辆卡车。）

58）a．The king decided not to abdicate．

b．The king decided to remain on the throne．

c．The king decided to continue reigning．

（国王决定不退位。／国王决定继续在位。）

59）a．We managed not to let the situation get out of control．

b．We managed to keep the situation under control．

c．We managed to keep control of／over the situation．

（我们设法不让局势失去控制。／我们设法控制住局势。）

60）a．Flying to America is now a lot cheaper than it used to be．

b．Flying to America is no longer as expensive as it used to be．

（现在坐飞机去美国比以往便宜多了。／现在坐飞机去美国不再像以往那样贵了。）

61）a．Don't make any more noise than you have to．

b．Make as little noise as you can．

c．Keep as quiet as you can．

（尽量少弄出声来。／尽量保持安静。）