C.行为型使动词:
行为型使动词是表明引起动作,而产生状态、位置、 姿势等方面变化的动词,分为过程型使动词(Process Causative Verb)、动作型使动词(Actional Causative Verb)和姿势型使动词(Posture Causative Verb)。现分 述如下:
(1)过程型使动词:
过程型使动词表明一个事件的过程,即一种状态向另外一种状态的变化,或一种状态的延续。这些动词既可当不及物动词用,也可不改变形态而当及物动词用,具有cause sb.to do sth.的意思。在这里,实际动作接受者往往是些抽象的事件。这个类型动词主要有begin,start, commence, continue, go on(with), end, finish, stop, close, change, alter, develop, increase, decrease,grow等,例如:
129) a.The meeting will begin at seven.
b.We shall begin the meeting at seven.
(会议七点开始。)
130) a.The war started in 1939.
b.They started the war in 1939.
c.They caused the war to start in 1939.
(一九三九年他们发动这场战争。)
131) a.The attack commenced yesterday morning.
b.They commenced the attack yesterday morning.
(他们在昨天早晨发起进攻。)
132)a.The scientist died but his work continued.
b.The scientist died but his disciples continued his work.
(这位科学家去世了,但他的事业后继有 人。)
133) a.The story went on.
b.He went on with the story.
(他继续讲故事。)
134) a. The meeting ended at four.
b.The chairman ended the meeting at four.
(会议在四点钟宣告结束。)
135) a.The war finally ended.
b.The war finally came to an end.
c.They finally brought the war to an end.
d.They finally put an end to the war.
(他们终于结束了战争。)
136) a.What time does the concert finish?
b.What time do they finish the concert?
(音乐会什么时候结束?)
137) a. Work has stopped for the day.
b.They have stopped work for the day.
(白天的工作已经结束了。)
138) a.When does the shop close?
b. When do they close the shop?
(商店什么时候关门?)
139)a.His idea has changed.
b.He has changed his idea.
c.That has changed his idea.
(他已改变了主意。)
140)a.He has altered a great deal since I last saw him.
b.Environment and experience have altered him a great deal since I last saw him.
(自从上次同他见面以来,环境和经历使他改变了许多。)
141) a.Different sides of a persons character develop from different conditions.
b.Different conditions develop different sides of a persons character.
(不同的条件使一个人的性格得到不同的发展。)
142) a.The speed of the car has increased/de- creased.
b. The driver has increased/decreased the speed of the car.
(司机加快了/减低了车速。)
143) a.Plants grow from seeds.
b.We grow plants from seeds.
(我们用种子育出植物。)
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