致他的娇羞的女友
马维尔的《致他的娇羞的女友》之所以能从众多同类主题的诗歌中脱颖而出,一个重要原因就是他在诗中使用了逻辑中的三段论的推理和说理方式,以故为新。以哲理入诗是玄学派诗歌的另一显著特点。“诗虽不是讨论哲学和宣传宗教的工具,但是它的后面如果没有哲学和宗教就不易达到深广的境界。”
安德鲁·马维尔(Andrew Marvell, 1621―1678)是17世纪英国著名的玄学派诗人。然而,与其他玄学派诗人不同的是,马维尔被一些批评家看作是一位承前启后的诗人。他不但继承了伊丽莎白时代爱情诗中的浪漫主义传统,成为一位具有浪漫主义气质的诗人,而且开启了18世纪古典主义的“理性时代”。古典派诗人偏重意象的完整优美,喜以哲理入诗;浪漫派诗人则偏重情感的自然流露。二者各有偏重,前者重形式,而后者则重实质。在马维尔的诗中,常能体现二者的完美结合,理性令他的诗寓意深刻,浪漫则使他的诗情境优美。
Had we but world enough, and time,
This coyness, Lady, were no crime
We would sit down and think which way
To walk and pass our long love's day.
Thou by the Indian Ganges' side
Shouldst rubies find: I by the tide
Of Humber would complain. I would
Love you ten years before the Flood,
And you should, if you please, refuse
Till the conversion of the Jews.
我们如有足够的天地和时间,
你这娇羞,小姐,就算不得什么罪愆.
我们可以坐下来,考虑向哪方
去散步,消磨这漫长的恋爱时光。
你可以在印度的恒河岸边
寻找红宝石,我可以在亨柏之畔
望潮哀叹。我可以在洪水
未到之前十年,爱上了你,
你也可以拒绝,如果你高兴,
直到犹太人皈依基督正宗。
My vegetable love should grow
Vaster than empires, and more slow;
An hundred years should go to praise
Thine eyes and on thy forehead gaze;
Two hundred to adore each breast,
But thirty thousand to the rest;
An age at least to every part,
And the last age should show your heart.
For, Lady, you deserve this state,
Nor would I love at lower rate.
我的植物般的爱情可以发展,
发展得比那些帝国还寥廓,还缓慢。
我要用一百个年头来赞美
你的眼睛,凝视你的娥眉,
用二百年来膜拜你的酥胸,
其余部分要用三万个春冬。
每一部分至少要一个时代,
最后的时代才把你的心展开。
只有这样的气派,小姐,才配你,
我的爱的代价也不应比这还低。
But at my back I always hear
Time's wingèd chariot hurrying near;
And yonder all before us lie
Deserts of vast eternity.
Thy beauty shall no more be found,
Nor, in thy marble vault, shall sound
My echoing song: then worms shall try
That long preserved virginity,
And your quaint honour turn to dust,
And into ashes all my lust:
The grave's a fine and private place,
But none, I think, do there embrace.

但是在我背后我总听到
Sits on thy skin like morning dew,
And while thy willing soul transpires
At every pore with instant fires,
Now let us sport us while we may,
And now, like amorous birds of prey,
Rather at once our time devour
Than languish in his slow-chapt power.
Let us roll all our strength and all
Our sweetness up into one ball,
And tear our pleasures with rough strife
Through the iron gates of life:
Thus, though we cannot make our sun
Stand still, yet we will make him run.
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